How telemedicine brings healthcare into vulnerable patients' homes

The Cleveland Clinic’s pediatric emergency room uses iPads loaded with peer-to-peer educational mental health videos from youth who have gone through the emergency room visit and inpatient admission process to help support other young people as they sit in the waiting room. The videos help reduce fear and anxiety, and research shows that peer support for people in crisis can also reduce re-hospitalization rates and promote recovery.

Sonar Mental Health, the developer of the AI-powered “wellbeing companion” named Sonny, is offering its services to schools that struggle to meet students’ demand for mental health services. Sonny’s algorithm also has trained humans working behind the scenes to ensure students receive proper care. The hybrid bot is available in more than 4,500 public middle and high schools across the country, many of which are in rural and low-income areas.

As many struggle to access mental health care, AI-powered chatbots, called “psychobots,” are emerging as a response to limited access to traditional psychotherapy. While they may not be a replacement for human connection, these chatbots offer affordable, convenient and anonymous psychological support, using techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and advanced conversational AI algorithms to communicate.

The youth-led Foundation for Younger Generation gives young people a platform to talk about their mental health with peers and licensed therapists. The group hosts events in-person and online through platforms like WhatsApp and has since reached about 400 people.

Virtual reality is being used to facilitate exposure therapy to help people with post-traumatic stress disorder and phobias by immersing them in virtual simulations to confront the problem at hand. Given its effectiveness, researchers and developers like XRHealth Inc. and BehaVR are working to make virtual-reality therapy more accessible by providing at-home treatment options.

In rural parts of Wyoming, many people have trouble accessing mental health care resources, but telemedicine is changing that. Employing graduate students as counselors, people can access a telehealth clinic in order to obtain support in the form of specialized trauma care.

Telemedicine allows rural mental health patients access to doctors in a more frequent basis than if they had to travel to city centers for care. Though there are limits to telemedicine—it's preferable to see a doctor in person—it is preferable to get some care than none at all in between regular doctor visits.

Finland’s Mental Health Hub is an online resource that provides tools to manage stress, depression, and substance dependency as well as therapy with a diagnosis. The resource has helped treat low acuity mental health issues by providing greater access without an increase in cost.

Wisconsin confronts a lack of psychiatrists, in particular those who specialize in working with children. The state has begun a telepsychiatry program that enables a psychiatrist to counsel children in remote rural areas. By using webcams, the program has succeeded at eliminating travel time for psychiatrists and appropriating resources to directly and quickly serve those who need them.

Fifty-one counties in the state of Wisconsin do not have child psychiatrists to provide counseling because most of them live in widely populated urban areas. Wisconsin psychiatrists now are offering telepsychiatry, which enables young people to do video conferencing and live chatting with a psychiatrist even if they are in rural areas. The program has shown that it is just as effective as in-person treatment; however, Wisconsin does not allow private insurers to pay for telemedicine services so the reimbursement for telepsychiatrists is still problematic.